How do solar panels work?
When the sun shines on a solar panel, solar energy is absorbed by individual PV cells. These cells are made from layers of semi-conducting material, most commonly silicon.
The PV cells produce an electrical charge as they become energised by the sunlight. The stronger the sunshine, the more electricity generated. But cells don’t need direct sunlight to work and can even work on cloudy days.
This electrical charge from the panels creates a direct current (DC) of electricity.
The direct current (DC) passes through a solar inverter to turn it into alternating current (AC) electricity which is needed to run your household appliances.
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Solar Panels | Capture sunlight and produces electricity |
| Inverter | Converts DC to AC electricity |
| Battery (optional) | Stores excess power for later use |
| Location | Roofs, garage roofs or on the ground |
Benefits of solar panels
- Lower Energy Bills
- Free electricity from daylight (not just sunlight)
- Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) – get paid for excess electricity you export back to the grid
- Increase property value
- Low Maintenance and long lifespan
- Reduce carbon footprint
- Pair with battery storage for energy independence
- Government Incentives (Indirect)
- 0% VAT on solar panels and batteries (until March 2027)
- SEG payments
- Potential EC04 or Home Upgrade grants if you are on a low income or off-gas-grid
Further information can also be found at:
– MCS
Why add a battery?
Installing a battery alongside your solar panel system allows you to store excess solar energy for use during cloudy days or at night. This not only enhances your energy independence but can also lead to significant reductions in your electricity bills.
Solar power generation is variable, depending on factors such as the time of day and weather conditions. If you have solar panels and are away from home during peak sunlight hours, much of the energy produced may go unused. By installing a battery storage system, you can store this excess energy for later use—reducing your reliance on grid electricity, especially during peak pricing periods. Batteries also offer the flexibility to store grid electricity when rates are low and use or sell it when prices rise, helping to maximise both energy efficiency and cost savings.
Battery systems can be installed without a solar installation and can be charged direct from the energy supplier at cheaper rates and used when needed by you
Advantages of Battery Installation
- Store excess energy from your solar panels
- Use the electricity when it is needed
- Draw power from the grid when rates are cheaper
- Reduce your electricity bills further
- Sell surplus electricity during peak times
- Protection against rising electricity costs
- Increase the value of your home
- Lower carbon emissions
- Minimum maintenance required
